Soft tissue injuries, such as swelling, hematoma, and laceration, are frequently associated with tooth fractures. Before beginning specific dental treatment, apply cold packs to the injured area to reduce pain and swelling.

Enamel Infraction:

• Most cases do not require treatment, but etching and sealing with bonding resin is recommended to prevent bacterial contamination and discoloration.

Enamel Fracture (uncomplicated crown fracture):

• Follow-up clinical and radiographic examinations are recommended after two months and then annually to assess the state of the restoration, pulp necrosis, apical periodontitis, and root development (immature teeth).

Enamel-dentin Fracture (uncomplicated crown fracture):

A bonding agent and composite resin or glass ionomer are used to protect the exposed dentin. When the exposed dentin is close to the pulp, calcium hydroxide can act as a lining material, causing the dentin to be slightly pink but without bleeding. Following that, we will cover it with a glass ionomer.

We will consider fragment reattachment if it's available, but it must be soaked in water or saline solution 20 minutes before the procedure to rehydrate the tissue. Resin direct composite restoration, wax-up and resin composite restoration, and ceramic restoration are options.

Enamel-dentin Fracture with Pulp Exposure (complicated crown fracture):

Dentists must use clinical judgment when deciding on a restorative option, such as freehand or indirect composite resin restoration, fragment reattachment, or ceramic restoration.

Pulp testing and radiographs are recommended at six to eight weeks, three months, six months, and a year.

Crown-root Fractures:

Clinical and radiographic examinations must be performed on follow-up appointments after one week, six to eight weeks, three months, six months, and a year, from this point, once a year for a minimum of five years.

Root Fractures:

• The treatment of root fractures first involves repositioning the crown fragment if displaced and checking that the reposition is correct with an x-ray.
• No endodontic treatment should be performed during the emergency appointment, and since fractures at the cervical level can heal, the crown fragment should not be removed.
• The mobile segment needs to be stabilized with a flexible and passive splint for up to four months in cervical fractures and four weeks in mid and apical third fractures.
• It is essential to monitor the fracture healing after four weeks (where the splint will be removed in mid and apical third fractures), six to eight weeks, four months (where the splint will be removed in cervical fractures), six months, one year, and yearly from then for at least five years.